萘系高效减水剂的合成

萘系高效减水剂是一种用途较广性能优越的高效减水剂。探讨了它的合成方法、反应控制因素、成品对混凝土性能的影响。     

河谷场地地震波传播解析模型及放大效应

从形态上看,自然界存在平坦、凸起和凹陷3种常见的地形及场地条件,而河谷场地是一种常见的凹陷地形,且在河谷场地修建了大量工程(如土石坝、桥梁等)。实际震害调查表明地形及场地条件对地震灾害影响很大。针对河谷场地地震波传播解析模型及放大效应,全面总结了笔者及其课题组长期以来的研究成果。主要包括以下4个方面:(1)提出了近源地形与场地效应的概念,用线源柱面SH波模拟入射地震波,平面波是其远场入射的特例,构造了线源柱面SH波自由场,定义了近源激励下的放大因子,实现了入射波波前弯曲及其地形放大效应,为其它地形和场地引起的近源放大效应研究开启了新的可能。(2)构建了非对称V形河谷地震波传播解析模型,包括亥姆霍兹运动方程、河谷表面自由边界条件及虚拟辅助边界应力与位移连续条件,提出了区域分解与区域匹配分两步走的策略,首先将整个区域分解成3个符合极坐标系的子区域,在子区域中对运动方程进行求解获得相应的波场(含有未知系数),然后将各个子区域的波场在边界进行匹配,利用边界条件求解未知系数,从而获得整个区域的波场解答以及柱面SH波的二维散射规律,揭示了非对称V形河谷的差异放大效应,这将对建在非对称V形河谷上的长大跨度工程有着不可忽视的影响。(3)U形河谷在地球表面是普遍存在的,由于缺少实际地震记录和理论研究,U形河谷的地形放大效应仍然未知。构建了U形河谷解析模型,本质上也就是亥姆霍兹方程的边值问题,并得到了这个问题的波函数级数解,发现了U形河谷谷底对地震波的异常放大现象,改变了学术界以往认为凹陷地形底部地震动一定会衰减的不全面认识,并被用来解释中世纪暖期美国亚利桑那州的大量山体落石与滑坡现象。(4)河谷常有沉积物(覆盖层),覆盖层将进一步加剧地震放大效应。构建了线源柱面SH波半圆形沉积谷解析模型,并给出了其解析级数解,发现覆盖层对地震波有明显的放大效应,且覆盖层阻尼比较小时剧烈放大,这将加剧工程结构的破坏。最后,考虑河谷场地地震放大效应进行河谷两侧边坡地震稳定性分析,及土石坝地震反应分析与坝坡地震稳定性分析,认为河谷场地地震放大效应对边坡工程与土石坝工程抗震分析有着重要的影响。     

Adaptive Noise Cancellation Method Used for Wheel Speed Signal of Integrate ABS/ASR System

The anti-lock braking system (ABS) and anti-slip regulation system(ASR) are the very i mportantparts of active safety systems used for modern vehi-cles . This two systems make up of commonintegratesystem ABS/ASR[1 ,2]. At present ,the main controlmethodin ABS/ASRis the logic threshold method.When getting the wheel speed signal ,ECUcomputesand applies control after comparing current signalwith the threshold[3 -5].Because of many reasons ,the wheel speed sig-nals sampled in ABS/ASRalw…     

Generalized autoregressive moving average models with GARCH errors

One of the important and widely used classes of models for non-Gaussian time series is the generalized autoregressive model average models (GARMA), which specifies an ARMA structure for the conditional mean process of the underlying time series. However, in many applications one often encounters conditional heteroskedasticity. In this article, we propose a new class of models, referred to as GARMA-GARCH models, that jointly specify both the conditional mean and conditional variance processes of a general non-Gaussian time series. Under the general modeling framework, we propose three specific models, as examples, for proportional time series, non-negative time series, and skewed and heavy-tailed financial time series. Maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and quasi Gaussian MLE are used to estimate the parameters. Simulation studies and three applications are used to demonstrate the properties of the models and the estimation procedures.     

Periodic autoregressive conditional duration

We propose an autoregressive conditional duration (ACD) model with periodic time-varying parameters and multiplicative error form. We name this model periodic autoregressive conditional duration (PACD). First, we study the stability properties and the moment structures of it. Second, we estimate the model parameters, using (profile and two-stage) Gamma quasi-maximum likelihood estimates (QMLEs), the asymptotic properties of which are examined under general regularity conditions. Our estimation method encompasses the exponential QMLE, as a particular case. The proposed methodology is illustrated with simulated data and two empirical applications on forecasting Bitcoin trading volume and realized volatility. We found that the PACD produces better in-sample and out-of-sample forecasts than the standard ACD.     

高熔体强度聚丙烯中长支链结构的分析与表征方法新进展

高熔体强度聚丙烯（high melt strength polypropylene,HMSPP）是具有较高熔体强度和弹性、在熔融拉伸时存在应变硬化现象的一种新型聚丙烯材料。近年来,对长支链（LCB）型HMSPP（LCB-HMSPP）的研发引起了学术界和工业界的广泛关注。在利用各种方法和工艺制备LCB-HMSPP之后,所得聚合物是否具有长支链结构,长支链的化学组成、密度及链长度等拓扑结构信息,都需要通过各种仪器分析与表征方法对其进行定性或定量验证。本文着重对傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）法、核磁共振碳谱（¹³C NMR）法、凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）及其联用方法、流变学表征法和结晶行为表征法在LCB-HMSPP中LCB链结构分析与表征中的研究新进展进行总结和评述,介绍了这些方法各自的优缺点和适用性并对这些方法进行了对比,最后对用于LCB-HMSPP中LCB链结构的分析与表征方法研究的未来发展及应用前景进行了展望。     

Thermal radiative properties of zirconium oxide films in the near-infrared wavelengths

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) using yttria-stabilized zirconium dioxide (YSZ) are widely used in gas turbines to protect metal components against the high combustion product temperature. Increasing combustion temperature and pressure, radiative heat transfer becomes an essential portion of the overall heat transfer in TBCs. This necessitates a greater understanding of the thermal radiative properties of YSZ films, especially in the near-infrared wavelength range. The commonly used Kubelka–Munk (KM) method in the radiative property reduction from the measured transmittance and reflectance spectra of YSZ films can incur inaccurate results when the coating optical thickness is not sufficiently large. The discrete ordinates method with the asymmetric spherical ring angular quadrature can solve the radiative transfer equation with good accuracy in optically thin media. Considering the solution accuracy and computational efficiency, a hybrid approach of combining the KM and discrete ordinate methods is used to invert radiative properties. The absorption and scattering coefficients of air plasma sprayed YSZ films are determined over the wavelength range from 1 to 2.6 μm at room temperature. Over this near-infrared wavelength range, the scattering coefficient decreases with the increasing wavelength, and the absorption coefficient is very small overall.     

串联补偿装置中金属氧化物可变电阻的应用

基于阳城到江苏送电工程 ,介绍了金属氧化物可变电阻在串联补偿装置中的应用 ,串补装置的动作过程及 MOV的技术条件 ,并根据华东系统实际情况进行了计算研究。结果表明 ,在目前的系统条件下 ,阳东线及部分的东三线上发生故障时串补装置的间隙不动作。在靠近三堡侧的大部分东三线上发生故障时 ,间隙必须可靠击穿 ,以保护 MOV不至于过热而损坏。现场试验也验证了理论计算结果。     

BS型非萘系高效减水剂

介绍了ＢＳ型非萘系高效减水剂的制备方法以及对水泥拌和物性能的影响。     

应用于电力谐波分析的改进相位差校正法

传统的相位差校正法在应用于电力谐波测量时,由于频谱泄漏问题的存在,在窗函数的旁瓣衰减速度较慢时存在较大误差,而校正过程对频域解析式的依赖又限制了窗函数的选用。采用一种基于汉宁窗的改进相位差校正法,其原理是对非同步采样序列的加窗快速傅里叶变换结果进行多项式变换,再依据变换所得的新频谱序列进行谐波参数的校正。将该方法和其他常用方法进行数值仿真对比,在基频随机变化的情况下进行10 000次仿真计算得到其标准误差,并缩短采样窗长以探究其实时性。结果表明,改进相位差校正法较其他常用方法有更高的精度;当基频在47~53 Hz范围内随机变化时,高次谐波的测量精度达到10-5次;在100 ms的采样窗长下,也能满足IEC 61000—4—7标准的精度要求。在兼顾计算精度的同时,该文校正公式由汉宁窗解析式推导得到,简便明了,所提方法是一种有实用价值的谐波参数检测算法。